This report includes a number of studies related to promoting primary care access, addressing rising health care costs and improving value in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule. One study showed that alternative methods for allocating Relative Value Units (RVUs) related to practice expenses would not result in a major payment shift to primary care providers. A second study examined the introduction of new codes and the effects of physician productivity changes on the distribution of work RVUs across services. The final study examined approaches promoting primary care services through payment reform, outside of the Medicare Resource Based Relative Value Scale.